The specific details of Defoe's death are unclear, but he passed away in London on April 24, 1731. Defoe's realistic novels gained widespread popularity among the newly emerging middle-class readership of England and were foundational in the development of the novel as a literary form. Defoe later turned his writing efforts toward fiction, publishing Robinson Crusoe in 1719, and following it with a number of other novels, including Moll Flanders. In the early 1700s, he was imprisoned for some of his more controversial political writings. After some time as a merchant, during which he traveled throughout Europe, he became known for writing political pamphlets in the 1680s and 1690s. At this time, England was not a very tolerant place for non-Anglican Protestants-Defoe was unable to attend Cambridge or Oxford because of his religion, for example. Daniel Foe was born into a lower-middle class Presbyterian family in London in 1660 (he later added the French-sounding "De" to his last name to sound higher-class).
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